Bitewe n'impinduka zikomeje kubaho mu rwego rw'inganda, itanura rya DC rishongesha rifite ibyiza bidasanzwe n'amahirwe manini yo gutera imbere, rigenda rigaragara nk'inyenyeri iyoboye iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'inganda.
Ubu mu nganda zikora ibyuma, kuva mu myaka ya 1970 hatangiye guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya. Gutuza arc y'itanura rya DC, imbaraga nyinshi, imikorere myiza y'ubushyuhe, ingufu nke zikoreshwa, electrode nke zikoreshwa, urusaku ruto rukora, umusaruro mwinshi.
Mu mahanga, mu 1984 muri Afurika y'Epfo hubatswe itanura rya ferrochrome rikoresha umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi upima 40MVA. Ifuru y'ubushinwa ya ferrosilicone, silikoni y'inganda, silicomanganese, ferrochrome, ikoreshwa mu gutunganya imyanda ikomeye, ikoreshwa mu gutwika imyanda ya DC (electrode imwe yo hasi) n'itanura rya DC ryo gukora ibyuma byageze ku bunararibonye bwiza, mu myaka yashize, Ubushinwa bwubatswe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa. Ifuru ya DC ni:
12500-33000kvA Ifuru y'ubushyuhe bwa Silicon-Manganese DC (electrodes 4)
12500-16500kvA Ifuru yo mu bwoko bwa Silicon DC Mineral Heat Furnace (electrodes 4)
12500kvA Silicon Barium DC Mineral Heat Furnace (electrodes 4)
12500kvA Silicon Zirconium DC Mineral Heat Furnace (electrodes 4)
10000-16000kw Ifuru y'ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabutabire ya Silicon DC (electrodes 4)
Ifuru y'ubushyuhe bwa Ferrochrome DC ifite 9000kw (electrodes 4)
30000kw Titanium Slag DC Mineral Heat Furnace (electrode 1 y'ibanze)
Iterambere ry'amatanura ya DC ashongesha amashanyarazi rigaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga. Ugereranyije n'amatanura asanzwe ashongesha amashanyarazi ya AC, ibyiza byayo biragaragara. Ku bijyanye n'ingufu zikoreshwa neza, amatanura ashongesha amashanyarazi ya DC azahindurwamo ingufu zikoreshwa neza mu bushyuhe. Imibare nyayo igaragaza ko igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zaryo kiri hejuru ya 20% ugereranyije n'amatanura asanzwe, ibyo bikaba bigabanya cyane igihombo cy'ingufu kandi bigatera imbaraga zikomeye zo kugabanya ikiguzi cy'umusaruro no kunoza ubukungu. Muri icyo gihe, amatanura ashongesha amashanyarazi ya DC agaragaza ituze n'ubushobozi bwo kugenzura mu gihe cy'ikorwa, kandi ashobora kugenzura neza imiterere y'ikoreshwa ry'amatanura mu matanura, bityo bigatuma habaho iterambere rihoraho mu bwiza bw'umusaruro no kwiyongera guhoraho k'umusaruro.
Dukurikije imibare iriho, igereranya ryimbitse ry’ibipimo by’umusaruro w’itanura rya DC n’itanura rya AC, umusaruro w’itanura rya DC, ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ibindi bipimo ni byiza cyane kurusha itanura rya AC, ukwiyongera k’umusaruro biterwa no kugabanuka kw’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zishongeshwa n’izamuka ry’imbaraga z’ingaruka z’umusaruro.
Ubu ikoranabuhanga rya DC furnace 4, electrodes 6 n'izindi multi-electrode development, bigaragaza ibyiza bigaragara bya DC mineral furnace ferroalloys, ni inzira idashobora kwirindwa yo kuzigama ingufu no gukoresha mineur nini. Byongeye kandi, guhuza ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwenge bituma urwego rwa DC smelting furnace rurushaho kunozwa cyane, imikorere irushaho koroha kandi ikora neza, kuko umusaruro w'ibigo byazanye uburyohe bukomeye.
Mu gihe kimwe n'igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije mu buryo bwimbitse, itanura rishongesha rya DC naryo ryitabira cyane ibidukikije byo muri iki gihe. Amakuru afatika agaragaza ko itanura rishongesha rya DC mu kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ari ryiza cyane, imyuka ihumanya ikirere yagabanutse cyane, kuko iterambere rirambye ryagize uruhare mu gutera imbaraga.
Dusuzumye amateka y’iterambere ry’itanura rishongesha rya DC, ntitwabura gutangazwa n’umurimo ukomeye n’ubwenge bw’abashakashatsi n’abatekinisiye. Kuva ku ireme ry’igitekerezo cya mbere, kugeza ku kunoza no kunoza ikoranabuhanga, buri ntambwe y’icyuya cyabo n’ubwenge bwabo. Urugero, mu gihe cyo gukora itanura rishongesha rya DC, ikigo cyashoboye kunoza ibipimo by’amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho by’itanura nyuma y’ibizamini byinshi n’ivugurura, kugira ngo umubiri w’itanura ubashe kwihanganira imimerere ikabije nk’ubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi icyarimwe, imikorere ya electrodes n’ibindi bice by’ingenzi nayo yarushijeho kuba myiza cyane.
Mu gihe urebye imbere, itanura rishyushya amabuye y'agaciro rya DC ryitezweho kugera ku iterambere rikomeye:
Mbere na mbere, guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga bizamura imikorere myiza y’ingufu no kudahungabana kw’itanura rishongesha umuriro rya DC kugira ngo birusheho kunoza, bifashe ibigo kugabanya ikiguzi cy’umusaruro no kunoza ipiganwa ku isoko.
Icya kabiri, iterambere ry'itanura rishyushya amabuye ya DC rizakoresha ubwenge bw'ubukorano, amakuru menshi n'ubundi buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga bw'ubwenge kugira ngo hagerwe ku igenzura ryihuse no kugenzura imiterere y'itanura rishongesha, kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho by'ubufasha by'ubwenge, birimo gutunganya neza ikoranabuhanga rya AI, roboti ifunguye amaso, roboti ihuza electrode, imashini ikora imashini, roboti igenzura, igikoresho gipima ubushyuhe bwinshi mu itanura, igikoresho cyo gusohora amazi mu buryo bwikora, sisitemu yo gucukura ihoraho, n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubufasha bigezweho, kugira ngo hongerwe umusaruro, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, kunoza ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, no gushyira mu bikorwa ubwenge n'ubuziranenge bw'uburyo bwo gukora.
Byongeye kandi, imirima ikoreshwa mu itanura rishongesha rya DC nayo izagurwa, uretse kugira uruhare runini mu nganda zikora ibyuma, biteganijwe ko izakoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti, ibikoresho n'izindi nganda, bigatanga umusanzu mu iterambere n'iterambere ry'inganda nyinshi.
Gukoresha neza DC mu itanura rishyushya amabuye y'agaciro byazanye inyungu zikomeye n'amahirwe yo guteza imbere inganda zishongesha amabuye y'agaciro. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya no gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, dufite impamvu zo kwizera ko DC izakomeza kugira uruhare runini mu gihe kizaza, guteza imbere iterambere rihoraho n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rishyushya amabuye y'agaciro, ikoranabuhanga rishyushya amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo rirusheho kunoza no gutanga umwanya utagira imipaka wo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya, kugira ngo inganda zizane icyerekezo cyagutse n'iterambere rirambye ry'ejo hazaza.
Muri make, itanura rishyushya amabuye y'agaciro rya DC rifite ibyiza byihariye n'amahirwe manini yo gutera imbere, rizakomeza kugira uruhare runini mu rwego rw'inganda z'ejo hazaza, kandi ritange umusanzu munini mu iterambere ry'inganda n'iterambere rirambye. Dutegereje udushya twinshi n'iterambere kugira ngo duteze imbere ikoranabuhanga rya DC mineral heater kugeza ku ndunduro nshya!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-09-2024